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What is Generative AI? Is the Future Doraemon? To be a good partner

What is Generative AI? Is the Future Doraemon? To be a good partner

Generative AI (Artificial Intelligence) chat services, represented by Chat GPT, have spread to the world at a great speed in 2023. Chat GPT allows you to catch up with people in a natural way, as if you were really talking to someone. For example, they can answer various questions and perform tasks related to writing on your behalf, which gives us a sense of great potential. However, it seems that it is by no means a panacea, with the government providing direction for its use for school settings. What exactly is "Generative AI," a service that is now attracting so much attention that it has been selected as one of the top 10 words in the "2023 You-Can New Words and Trendy Words Awards"? We asked experts how it works and how to use it.

Can I use it for class/homework?

In July 2023, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) issued a guideline showing how elementary and middle school students like everyone else and school teachers should use generative AI. In it, examples are given of uses that are considered not good, as well as those that are acceptable to use. Please refer to the following items that are particularly relevant to everyone.

Usage considered not good

  • Use of generative AI without knowing its good and bad points.
  • Submitting essays and works created by the generated AI to competitions without modification.
  • To be used in situations where personal identity is important, such as poetry creation, music and art appreciation, etc.
  • Using a generative AI before using textbooks or other materials with reliable information for research and study.

Examples of what you may use

  • To use when learning about "generative AI" itself.
  • To be used in the middle stage of a group discussion to find missing perspectives and to deepen the discussion.
  • To give them a partner to practice English conversation or to do advanced programming.

What is generative AI?

Photo by Kensuke Ozawa

Generative AI" is capable of producing sentences, images, and sounds by understanding and responding to human input. So, what exactly does it do? We asked Kensuke Ozawa, editor-in-chief of "AINOW," Japan's largest media specializing in AI.

It answers everything, but it doesn't tell you the "right" answer.

-How does a generative AI like Chat GPT work? What can it do?

This is a system that creates sentences as a response to sentences inputted by others, based on the guess of "what kind of words would make a good response". The system creates sentences based on the results of learning the relationship between words using a large amount of sentence data and calculating "this word is likely to come next to this word". The "learning" here is to grasp features and trends at a level of detail that is no longer recognizable by humans.
This is one of the results of the development of attempts to make AI understand human words and sentences. The sentences produced by the chat GPT, which uses a learning model called "Transformer," surprised the world by being much easier to understand than expected. Specifically, in response to human input, it not only answers questions, but also shortens the points of sentences, writes business proposals, and so on.

Image of the response text to the chat GPT when asked how a generative AI can create sentences.
Text of a response to a chat GPT when asked about how a generative AI can create sentences.

-Can the AI create illustrations and audio in addition to text?

In addition to text generation AIs such as Chat GPT, there are image generation AIs that can create photos and illustrations, and voice generation AIs that can create human-readable voice. They all work in basically the same way. Image generation AI learns the relationship between words and images, and speech generation AI learns the relationship between words and speech from a great deal of data. As a result, it creates images and sounds by calculating the most appropriate one for the input text.

Illustrations and photos generated by the generation AI
Illustration (left) and photo (right) drawn by Adobe Firefly, an AI generated by the editorial department, with the instruction "Cats Christmas Party Turkey Christmas Cake."

Is it true that -generated AI "lies"?

There has been a lot of talk on social networking sites and elsewhere about the fact that the answers given by generative AI are wrong or that the content does not actually exist. Many people think that generative AI "tells you the answer to a question," but this is not really the case. Sentence generation AI produces sentences based on the criteria of which word has the highest probability of coming next and is the most natural. It does not place the highest priority on whether the content of the sentence is true or not. Sentence generation AIs are only intended to create sentences, so it would be strange to make it a matter of whether the content is "false" or "true" in the first place. If you want to look up an "answer" somewhere on the Internet, you would use a "search" tool, not a sentence generation AI.

-How is this different from an Internet "search"?

Search is a word search, where you type in a word and it brings up sites and pages with content and images similar to it. Search only guides you to what already exists, but it does not create anything.
The difference is that generative AI creates something new by drawing illustrations or converting them to voice based on the characteristics and trends it has learned from a large amount of data. In the case of sentence generation, every sentence is a different rearrangement or combination of existing words, so it can be said that the AI is coming up with new combinations, in other words, creating new sentences. None of this is the same as borrowing another sentence, image, or sound from somewhere on the Internet.

Generative AI is a partner that works with you to come up with "answers".

-How should it be used?

Generative AI is rather good at questions without "answers" because it can create new things. I think it would be good to use it as a partner to think together with humans about questions that have no "answers. For example, in free research or exploratory learning, when people input "I think this, but what do you think?

-Will the spread of AI change our everyday life?

When many people think of AI, they think of Doraemon, the cat-shaped robot character from a national cartoon. Today's generative AI is like Doraemon, who can give very good advice and teach you how to study. But the really amazing thing about Doraemon is that he has a 4-dimensional pocket and can provide secret tools to Nobita according to his situation. In fact, the AI that everyone is really looking for is "Doraemon + secret tools. And I foresee a future in which it will be connected to various applications and software as a secret tool. When that happens, we will see more use of generative AI in our daily lives.
AI is superior to humans in terms of calculation speed, accuracy, and the amount of information it learns. It is often said that "AI will take over our jobs in the future," as it has already been entrusted with driving cars and trains. I hope that as many people as possible will be able to get along with Doraemon, build a proper relationship with Doraemon, and be able to use the generated AI. I hope that as many people as possible will be able to get along with Doraemon, build a proper relationship with Doraemon, and become proficient in using AI.

Free research works using generative AI are also available.

According to Ozawa, generative AI is suited for use in free research and inquiry-based learning. In the "PC x Jiyu Kenkyu Contest 2023" held by Gakken Kids Net this summer, there were some entries that used generative AI. One of the winning entries, introduced on the special page, created a "memorization machine" from absolutely no knowledge by repeatedly asking questions to three generative AIs. The other was a work that used the power of a generative AI to narrow down research themes, summarize sentences, create a logo, and so on. Please take a look at the free research works to see how elementary and junior high school students, just like you, have utilized generative AI.

PC x Free Research Contest 2023 Results Announced

reference data

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Tentative Guidelines for the Use of Generated AI at the Primary and Secondary Education Level: https://www.mext.go.jp/content/20230710-mxt_shuukyo02-000030823_003.pdf

取材協力:小澤健祐さん

Photo by Kensuke Ozawa

He is the editor-in-chief of "AINOW," Japan's largest media specializing in AI. He is also active in the AI industry as a moderator (facilitator) of "SHIFT AI," an AI utilization community.
In September 2023, he published his book "Textbook for Introducing Generative AI" from One Publishing. The book provides an overview of generative AI, question statements to obtain effective answers from AI, and examples of AI applications by companies.

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